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A adoção da chupeta e mamadeira pelos pais podem trazer problemas no desenvolvimento craniofacial da criança. A sucção digital é outro fator influenciador da má formação da face, este pode ser antecedido pela mamadeira e chupeta. O conhecimento sobre o desenvolvimento facial correto ajuda no reconhecimento de desvios da normalidade. Foi realizada uma revisão da literatura a fim de analisar e comparar os efeitos no crescimento facial entre os hábitos deletérios e a amamentação fisiológica. Muitos registros de malformações causadas por hábitos deletérios foram encontrados. Conclui-se que a amamentação natural ainda é a melhor forma de alimentação para crianças, e nenhuma outra opção será melhor que a fisiológica, sendo aconselhável evitar o uso dos demais(AU)
The adoption of pacifiers and bottles by parents can bring problems in the child's craniofacial development. Finger sucking is another factor influencing the malformation of the face, which can be preceded by the bottle and pacifier. Knowledge about correct facial development helps in recognizing deviations from normality. A literature review was carried out in order to analyze and compare the effects on facial growth between harmful habits and physiological breastfeeding. Many records of malformations caused by deleterious habits were found. It is concluded that natural breastfeeding is still the best form of feeding for children, and no other option will be better than the physiological one, being advisable to avoid the use of the others(AU)
Subject(s)
Breast Feeding , Pacifiers , Nursing Bottles , Face/abnormalities , Parents , Fingersucking , MalocclusionABSTRACT
Abstract Objective: To explore the effectiveness of oral motor intervention combined with non-nutritive sucking in treating premature infants with dysphagia. Methods: Sixty preterm infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of the present study's hospital were selected and randomly divided into the control and intervention groups. The control group was given non-nutritive sucking intervention alone, while the intervention group was given oral motor intervention combined with non-nutritive sucking. The oral motor ability, milk sucking amount and sucking rate, feeding efficiency and outcomes, and the occurrence of adverse reactions were measured and compared. Results: Compared to first-day interventions, preterm infant oral feeding readiness assessment scale-Chinese version (PIOFRAS-CV) scores of the two groups significantly increased after 14 days of intervention, and this score was higher in the intervention group compared to the control group. Similarly, after 14 days of intervention, the intervention group's milk sucking rate and amount were significantly higher than the control group. Also, after the intervention, the intervention group's total oral feeding weeks were considerably lower, while the feeding efficiency and body weight were significantly higher than the control group. Moreover, the overall adverse reaction rate in the intervention group was lower than that in the control group. Conclusions: Oral motor intervention combined with non-nutritive sucking can significantly improve the oral motor ability of premature newborns, promote the process of oral feeding, improve the outcome of oral feeding, and reduce the occurrence of adverse effects. The combined intervention seems to have a beneficial effect on oral feeding proficiency in preterm infants.
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Objective@#to explore the effect of non nutritive sucking combined with maternal voice stimulation on feeding process in premature infants.@*Methods@#A total of 129 premature infants admitted to the neonatal department of a tertiary hospital from July 2016 to July 2017 were randomly selected. According to the random number table method, there were 3 groups: NNS group, control group (routine nursing group), and NNS+MSS group, each with 43 cases. Non-nutritive sucking was given in the NNS group, general routine treatment and nursing in the control group, and non-nutritive sucking combined with mother's voice stimulation in the NNS+MSS group. The duration of feeding, initial feeding and hospitalization were observed in 3 groups.@*Results@#NNS + MSS group feeding transition time, the first feeding duration, hospitalization days three points respectively (8.60 ± 1.24)d, (8.16±1.74)min, (13.26 ± 1.84)d, and NNS group respectively (12.09 ± 2.10) d, (4.72±1.45) min, (14.70±1.79) d, the control group, respectively (17.70±2.30) d (2.28 ± 1.39) min (19.81± 4.17) d. The differences between the three groups were statistically significant (F=242.085, 159.313, 63.856, all P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#Non nutritive sucking combined with mother sound stimulation can promote early feeding from nasal feeding to complete transoral feeding as soon as possible, reduce intermediate conversion time, accelerate feeding process and shorten hospitalization time.
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Objective to explore the effect of non nutritive sucking combined with maternal voice stimulation on feeding process in premature infants. Methods A total of 129 premature infants admitted to the neonatal department of a tertiary hospital from July 2016 to July 2017 were randomly selected. According to the random number table method, there were 3 groups: NNS group, control group (routine nursing group), and NNS+MSS group, each with 43 cases. Non-nutritive sucking was given in the NNS group, general routine treatment and nursing in the control group, and non-nutritive sucking combined with mother's voice stimulation in the NNS+MSS group. The duration of feeding, initial feeding and hospitalization were observed in 3 groups. Results NNS+MSS group feeding transition time, the first feeding duration, hospitalization days three points respectively (8.60 ± 1.24)d, (8.16 ± 1.74)min, (13.26 ± 1.84)d, and NNS group respectively (12.09 ± 2.10) d, (4.72±1.45) min, (14.70±1.79) d, the control group, respectively (17.70±2.30) d (2.28 ± 1.39) min (19.81± 4.17) d. The differences between the three groups were statistically significant (F=242.085, 159.313, 63.856, all P<0.05). Conclusions Non nutritive sucking combined with mother sound stimulation can promote early feeding from nasal feeding to complete transoral feeding as soon as possible, reduce intermediate conversion time, accelerate feeding process and shorten hospitalization time.
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Objective To analyze the effects of feeding with non-nutritional sucking and simultaneous transoral tube feeding on the quality of life of very low birth weight infants. Methods A total of 84 cases of very low birth weight infants from January 2017 to December 2017 in NICU of children′s hospital of Soochow University were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group, 42 cases in each group. Children in the observation group were fed with non-nutritional sucking and simultaneous transoral tube feeding and those in the control group were fed by transoral tube alone. The clinical manifestations of front, middle and after feeding and before refeeding of the two groups were observed. Results The breathing and heart rate along with percutaneous oxygen concentration during and after eating of the two groups had no statistically significant differences (all P>0.05). the sucking appetite, the frequency of the oral movement, the expression of the facial musclar tension, the state of quiet sleep, complications of feeding intolerance such as stomach retention with vomiting, abdominal distension, fecal occult blood and necrotizing enterocolitis during and after feeding and before refeeding of the observation group were 83.33% (35/42), 85.71% (36/42), 92.86% (39/42), 95.24% (40/42), 4.76% (2/42), the control group was 54.76% (23/42), 61.90% (26/42), 64.29% (27/42), 69.05% (29/42), 21.43% (9/42), the difference was statistically significant (χ2=5.126-10.182, P<0.05). The feeding volumes and mean relative growth rate during hospitalization, the time of extracting gastric tube, the average hospital stay of the observation group were (3.10 ± 1.23) ml, (20.00 ± 2.50) g, (19.06 ± 2.23) d, (41.50±4.23) d, and it had more advantages than the control group (1.50±1.15) ml, (13±1.33) g, (36.45± 4.31) d, (52.03 ± 4.21) d, the difference was statistically significant (t=6.16- 23.22, P<0.01). Conclusions Feeding with non-nutritional sucking and simultaneous transoral tube feeding for very low birth weight infants is safe and effective, it can reduce complications and promote feeding tolerance and achieve the desired growth target and shorten the hospital stay, and finally improve the quality of life.
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The nervous system of very low birth weight infants is particularly sensitive to malnutrition.The growth and neural development of very low birth weight infants will be limited by various nutritional deficiencies.Early enteral nutrition is beneficial for the growth and neural development of very low birth weight infants.However,there is still a controversy about the timing of starting enteral nutrition,the amount of milk to be fed,the rate of adding milk and whether strengthening breast milk or adding probiotics.This article reviews the problems and controversy of enteral nutrition in very low birth weight infants.
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Objective To study the effect of non-nutritional sucking intervention on low birth weight infants.Methods One hundred and forty cases of low birth weight infants were randomly divided into experimental group(n=73) and conventional group (n=67).Both groups of infants were treated with enteral nutrition.The experimental group was treated with non-nutritive sucking interventions.Results The abnormality rate of QRS wave(2.74％) and heart rate (4.11％) in experimental group were significantly lower than those in the conventional group (11.94 ％,17.91 ％),the differences were statistically significant (P＜ 0.05).In the experimental group,the meconium discharge time,recovery time,nasogastric tube indwelling time and the time of intestinal nutrition reached 481.4 kJ-1 · kg-1 · d-1 were significantly lower than that of the conventional group(P＜0.05).The incidence of bloating(2.74 ％),vomiting (2.74 ％) and gastric retention (5.48 ％) in experimental group were significantly lower than than of the conventional group (13.43％,11.94％,25.37％),P＜0.05.There was no significant difference in the incidence of apnea and diarrhea between the two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion Non-nutritional sucking intervention can effectively reduce the incidence of ECG abnormalities and feeding complications in low birth weight infants.
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Prolonged non-nutritive sucking habits have negative effects on child’s orofacial structures, physical, social and psychological wellbeing. The objectives of the present study were (1) to determine the prevalence of non-nutritive sucking habit in Saudi preschool children, (2) to assess the factors influencing the habit, (3) to determine mothers’ view on causes of non-nutritive sucking and their reasons to stop the habit and (4) to report methods used by the mothers in eliminating the habit. This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the kindergartens in Abha and Khamis Mushayt cities. The sample included parents of 328 male and female preschool children. A pre-piloted self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection and the response rate was 85.4%. The prevalence of non-nutritive sucking habit was 46.6%; of these, pacifier sucking was 30.2% and digit sucking was 16.4%. There were significant differences with pacifier habit between mother’s educational status and sex (p=0.008 and p=0.002 respectively). The odds of pacifier habit were higher in females [OR=2.14, 95% CI (1.32, 2.52)] and mothers with higher university education [OR=1.67, 95% CI (1.03, 2.72)]. There were significant differences with digit sucking habit and mothers’ educational status (p=0.022). The odds of digit sucking habit was higher in mothers with intermediate and secondary education [OR=2.25, 95% CI (1.24, 4.07)]. Some mothers (37.90%) used non-nutritive sucking as solution to calm the crying child, while others (47.05%) wanted to stop the habit as it might affect the child’s dentition. Some mothers (37%) interrupted the habit physically, while only 10% had preferred to consult the dentist.
Subject(s)
FingersuckingABSTRACT
Objective: To assess the effect of additional oromotor stimulation along with routine care on transition from gavage to full oral feeding in preterm neonates. Method: 51 neonates (28-34 weeks) randomized to receive either oromotor stimulation along with routine care (n=25, intervention), or routine care alone (n=26, control) (which included Kangaroo mother care and non-nutritive sucking). Results: Median (IQR) days to reach partial and full spoon feed were significantly lesser [5(3-9.5) vs 10(5-15) P=0.006; and 7(5-14.5) vs 12.5(7-21); P=0.03] in intervention than in control group, respectively. A significantly higher number (56%) in intervention group as compared to control group (31%) achieved partial direct breast feeding at discharge (P=0.01). Conclusion: Oromotor stimulation along with routine care reduces the duration of gavage feeding in preterm neonates.
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Objective To study the pain controlling effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) setting. Methods Infants who received radial artery puncture were assigned into control group, non-nutritive sucking (NNS) group and NNS plus glucose (NNS + GS) group according to their admission sequences. Each group contained 20 patients. Heart rate ( HR), respiratory rate (RR) and oxygen saturation (SpO2 ) before and after the procedure were monitored using Multi-Parameter Monitor ECG. Neonatal pain was evaluated using the preterm infant pain profile (PIPP). Results Among all three groups, after radial artery puncture, HR and RR were significantly increased, and SpO2 was significantly decreased (P < 0. 01). HR, RR and SpO2 variations in NNS group and NNS + GS group were less significant than the control group (P < 0. 05), and recovered to baseline more quickly. During the radial artery puncture, PIPP scores of infants in NNS and NNS + GS group were significantly lower than the control group (P < 0. 01), with NNS + GS group lower than NNS group (P <0. 05). Conclusions HR, RR and SpO2 can be used as physiological indicators of neonatal pain. PIPP score is simple and practical to be used in NICU setting. Both NNS and NNS + GS can partially relieve neonatal pain, and NNS + GS works better.
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O presente estudo tem como objetivo geralcomparar o efeito da glicose 25% e sucção não nutritiva (SNN) combinadas e isoladas na redução das respostas de dor pormeio do tempo basal à recuperação, em recém-nascidos pré-termo (RNPT)submetidos a punções do calcanhar regulares. A hipótese estabelecida foi a de que o efeito da glicose oral 25% combinada à SNN é superior ao efeito dessas medidas isoladas, na redução das respostas de dor em pré-termos submetidos ao controle regular da glicemia capilar. Trata-se de um ensaio clínico randomizado do tipo crossoverrealizado na unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal (UTIN)da Maternidade Escola da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. O cálculo do tamanho amostral baseou-se na hipótese estabelecida e em estudos anteriores. A randomização foi efetuada com as intervenções aplicadas glicose oral 25%, SNN e glicose oral 25% + SNN, utilizadas pelo RNPT em cada um dos três dias de avaliação e consideradas variáveis independentes. As variáveis dependentes avaliadas foram a pontuação total do Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP),seus indicadores e o choro. Cada RNPT foi avaliado por 30 segundos antes do procedimento de punção do calcanhar e 5 minutos após, sendo realizado análise independente das mímicas faciais segundo a segundo, assim como frequência cardíaca e saturação de oxigênio. Os dados foram tratados de forma descritiva, com teste de Wilcoxon pareado, T de Student e aplicado modelo de regressão hierárquica da estatística bayesiana. O estudo recebeu o número AAE 22383313.0.3001.5275e registroReBECRBR-3gm6w5...
This study aimed tocompare the effect of glucose 25% andnon-nutritive sucking (NNS) combinedand alone, in reducing pain responses across basal to recoverytime, in newbornspreterm undergoing regular heel punctures. Hypothesis wasthat the effect of oral glucose 25% combined with NNSis greater than the effect of these measures alone, in reducing pain responses in preterm subjected to regular control of blood glucose.This wasa randomized clinical trial crossover performed in the NICU of the Maternity School of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. Sample size calculation was based on the established hypothesis and previous studies. Randomization was performed with measuresapplied oral glucose 25%, NNS and oral glucose 25% + NNS, used by the PN in each of the three days of assessment and considered independent variables. The dependent variables were evaluated total score of PIPP, its indicators and crying. Each pretermwas evaluated for 30 seconds before the heel lance procedure and 5 minutes after being performed independent analysis of facial activitiessecond by second, as well as heart rate and oxygen saturation. Data were analyzed descriptively, with Wilcoxon paired test, Student's Tand applied hierarchical regression model of Bayesian statistics. The study received the CAAE number 22383313.0.3001.5275 and Rebec RBR-3gm6w5 record...
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Premature , Intensive Care Units, Neonatal , Glucose , Neonatal Nursing , Pain/nursing , Sucking BehaviorABSTRACT
Objective:To assess the impacts of feeding type and non-nutritive sucking activity on occlusion in deciduous dentition in WeiFang city.Methods:The occlusion of 958 children aged 3 -5 years old in WeiFang city and their feeding types as well as the non-nutritive sucking habit during the first 1 2 months after birth were investigated by questionaire study.Data were statistically ana-lysed.Results:The prevalence of malocclusion in non-nutritive sucking habit group and non-habit group was 42% and 22% respec-tively(P =0.000 2).The type of feeding did not have effect on occlusion and openbite.The prevalence of openbite in the children with sucking habit and in those without habit was 17% and 4% respectively(P <0.000 1 ).The prevalence of posterior crossbite in the chil-dren with bottlefeeding and those with breastfeeding was 1 1 % and 4% respectively(P =0.000 2).The prevalence of posterior crossbite in the children with sucking habit and those without habit was 9% and 4% respectively(P =0.036 7).Conclusion:Non-nutritive sucking habit rather than feeding type in the first 1 2 months after birth is the main risk factor of malocclusion,breastfeeding is the pro-tective factor to occlusion.
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Objective To explore effects of non-nutritive sucking ( NNS) on various aspects of neonates.Methods 58 cases refusing oral feeding were selected from June 2012 to June 2013 in our hospital with no significant differences in weight, gastrointestinal function and sleep (p>0.05).The specimen was randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group.The experimental group was given with NNS.Weight gain, quiet time to fall asleep, sleep time and gastro-intestinal disorders were observed and recorded in both two groups.One month later, the data recorded from both two groups were processed and analyzed statistically.Results The weight gain in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (p>0.05).The quiet time to fall asleep in the experimental group was shorter than that in the con-trol group (p>0.05).The sleep time in the experimental group was longer than that in the control group (p>0.05).The incidence of gastrointestinal disorders in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group ( p >0.05).Conclusion Non-nutritive sucking in neonates can accelerate weight gain, improve sleep quality and reduce the in-cidence of gastrointestinal disorders to promote the growth and development of newborns to some extent .
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Estudo experimental com abordagem quantitativa, cujo objetivo foi demonstrar que a sucção não nutritiva é efetiva no manejo da dor durante a instalação, pela equipe de enfermagem, do CPAP nasal em recém-nascidos prematuros; e demonstrar que o uso da sucção não nutritiva, concomitantemente à instalação do CPAP nasal, pode ser considerado uma tecnologia de enfermagem. A população alvo foi constituída por 20 recém-nascidos prematuros, submetidos à instalação ou reinstalação do referido artefato, totalizando 30 procedimentos. Os recém-nascidos foram distribuídos, aleatoriamente, em dois grupos, controle e experimental, em que a sucção não nutritiva foi oferecida, o mesmo não acontecendo com o grupo controle. As reações de dor foram mensuradas pela escala de NIPS. Em 100% dos procedimentos concomitantes à sucção não nutritiva, os recém-nascidos não sentiram dor; 100% dos recém-nascidos demonstraram dor quando não era oferecida a referida sucção. Conclui-se que o procedimento pode ser classificado como uma tecnologia do cuidado de enfermagem.
This is an experimental study with a quantitative approach, whose goal was to demonstrate that non-nutritive sucking is effective in pain management during installation, by the nursing staff, of nasal CPAP in preterm infants; and to demonstrate that the use of non-nutritive sucking, concomitantly with the installation of nasal CPAP can be considered a nursing technology. The target population consisted of 20 preterm infants undergoing installation or reinstallation of this artifact, totaling 30 procedures. The newborns were divided randomly into two groups, control and experimental, in which non-nutritive sucking was offered, the same do not happening with the control group. The reactions of pain were measured by the scale of NIPS. In 100% of the procedures that occurred concomitant with non-nutritive sucking, newborns did not feel pain; and 100% of the newborns showed pain when such suction was not offered. We conclude that the procedure can be classified as a technology of nursing care.
Estudio experimental con un enfoque cuantitativo, cuyo objetivo fue demostrar que la succión no nutritiva es eficaz en el tratamiento del dolor durante la instalación, por personal de enfermería, de la CPAP nasal en bebés prematuros; y demostrar que el uso de la succión no nutritiva, concomitantemente a la instalación de la CPAP nasal, puede ser considerada una tecnología de enfermería. La población-objetivo consistió en 20 recién nacidos prematuros sometidos a la instalación o reinstalación de este artefacto, en un total de 30 procedimientos. Los recién nacidos fueron divididos aleatoriamente en dos grupos, control y experimental, en el que se ofrece la succión no nutritiva, lo mismo no ocurriendo con el grupo control. Las reacciones de dolor se midieron por la escala de NIPS. En 100 % de los procedimientos concomitantes con succión no nutritiva, los recién nacidos no sentirán dolor; y 100 % de los recién nacidos mostró dolor cuando no se le ofreció la succión. Llegamos a la conclusión de que este procedimiento puede ser clasificado como una tecnología de cuidado de enfermería.
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Premature , Neonatal Nursing , Pain Management , Sucking Behavior , Neonatal Nursing/methodsABSTRACT
Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica para conocer la eficacia de la succión no nutritiva en recién nacidos pretérmino como parte del programa diario de atención, con el fin de mejorar la calidad de vida, favoreciendo la recuperación del neonato hospitalizado y evitando posibles alteraciones motoras, cognitivas y sociales en las futuras etapas del desarrollo. De igual modo, se trató de establecer y definir la intervención del personal médico, así como informar y educar a los padres sobre la utilidad del uso de succión no nutritiva. Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos MEDLINE y EMBASE que incluyera aquellos artículos publicados en los últimos seis años. Basado en la evidencia disponible, la succión no nutritiva en recién nacidos prematuros tiene beneficios clínicos, ya que disminuye de manera significativa la estancia hospitalaria y permite una transición más rápida de sonda orogástrica a alimentación por succión, así como un mejor rendimiento, sin efectos negativos a corto plazo.
A literature review was conducted to determine the effectiveness of non-nutritive sucking in preterm infants as part of daily care in order to improve the quality of life, thereby avoiding possible motor impairment, cognitive and social future stages of development and assisting in the speedy recovery of the hospitalized infant. Also establish and define the intervention of medical personnel and to inform and educate parents about the usefulness of using non-nutritive sucking. Search was conducted in MEDLINE and EMBASE, including those articles published in the last 6 years. Based on available evidence, non nutritive sucking preterm infants have clinical benefit (significantly reducing the duration of hospital stay in preterm infants and quick transition orogastric tube to bottle feeds and better performance bottle-feeding) and seem to have no negative effect in the short term.
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El proceso mediante el cual un recién nacido o lactante obtiene su alimento se denomina succión nutricia y se lleva a cabo ya sea al seno materno o por medio de biberón. Con el propósito de establecer las condiciones normales en las que se da este fenómeno en esta revisión se sintetizaron las bases fisiológicas de la succión nutricia. Se conoce que la succión nutricia está integrada por tres fases: expresión/ succión, deglución y respiración. La coordinación de las dos primeras permite obtener un volumen adecuado de alimento y dirigirlo a la vía digestiva, sin el riesgo de que pase a las vías aéreas. La secuencia en que se dan estas fases varía con respecto a la edad del niño. En condiciones normales la succión nutricia es un proceso aeróbico que se logra con los movimientos mandibulares y de la lengua, los cuales son capaces de generar las presiones necesarias de extracción y succión de la leche de un reservorio. De esta forma, la falta de coordinación de estas fases explica los cambios en el ritmo de la succión, así como la aparición de signos clínicos anormales, como el bajo consumo del alimento, el atragantamiento, la regurgitación, el vómito o algunas alteraciones respiratorias. El conocimiento de las fases de la succión ha permitido construir escalas clínicas para detectar recién nacidos o lactantes que tienen problemas para lograr una succión nutricia adecuada, ya sea por la identificación de signos clínicos anormales o porque el consumo de leche es menor de 80% del volumen recomendado.
Nutritive sucking is the process by which infants obtain their feeding, which may be sucking by breastfeeding or through a bottle. This article summarizes the physiological basis of nutritive sucking in order to establish the normal conditions of this process. In this context it is known that the nutritive sucking consists of three phases: expression/suction, swallowing and breathing. Coordination of the first two phases can provide an adequate supply of food and direct it to the digestive tract without the risk of it passing to the airways. The sequence in which these phases are given varies with the age of the child. Under normal conditions, nutritive sucking is an aerobic process and is accomplished with jaw and tongue movements, which are capable of generating the necessary pressure from a reservoir for the suction and extraction of milk. Thus, lack of coordination of these phases explains the changes in the rate of suction and the appearance of abnormal clinical signs such as low consumption of food, choking, regurgitation, vomiting or respiratory disorders. The construction of clinical scales has been possible by determining the sequence of the different phases of suction. These scales can detect problems with newborns or infants who do not achieve adequate nutritive sucking either by the identification of abnormal clinical signs or because milk consumption is <80% of the recommended volume.
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Objective To compare the effect of music and music plus non- nutritive sucking interventions on the newboms' pain caused by heel lance. Methods 75 neonates from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) whose gestational age=28 weeks were randomly separated into the music group,the music plus non-nutritive sucking group and the control group. The newboms' crying and grimacing,heart rate (HR), oxygen 9at-uration(SpO2) changes and times of crying 90 seconds after heel lance were observed. Results The cry-ing and grimacing time,the convalescence time of HR and SpO2 in the two intervention groups were significantly shorter than the control group.And the amplitude of HR, SpO2 changes was also significantly smaller than the control group.The crying and grimacing time and the convalescence time of HR and SpO2 in the music plus non-nutritive sucking group were significantly shorter than the music group. Conclusions Music or music plus non-nutritive sucking can ease newboms' pain caused by heellance.Music plus non-nutritive sucking can strengthen the music ther-apy's analgesic effect.
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PURPOSE: This study examined the occurrence of oxygen desaturation events during nutritive sucking in premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and its effects on feeding and growth outcomes until 4 months of corrected age (CA). METHODS: Thirty-four premature infants with BPD free from major cardiac, gastrointestinal, respiratory anomalies were included. By reviewing medical records, clinical characteristics, feeding conditions at 36 weeks of postmenstrual age (PMA), we focused on oxygen desaturation, and short-term outcomes in 14 infants with no or mild desaturation (group A) and in 20 infants with moderate or severe desaturation (group B). RESULTS: Group B had lower birth weight and shorter gestational age at birth, longer duration of hospitalization, was discharged at higher weeks of PMA, and needed ventilatory assist and oxygen supplementation longer than group A (P<0.05). Group B started nutritive sucking later, with a greater decrease in SpO2 during sucking, being more indicative of feeding problems at 40 weeks of PMA, but not at 4 months of CA. Percent of infant needing oxygen supplementation and percent of infants with growth failure were not different between groups at 40 weeks of PMA and 4 months of CA. Body weight and growth velocity differences noted at 40 weeks of PMA became insignificant at 4 months of CA. CONCLUSION: The severity of desaturation during nutritive sucking in premature infants with BPD influenced the infant's feeding and growth at 40 weeks of PMA. However, it disappeared at 4 months of CA.
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Birth Weight , Body Weight , Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia , Gestational Age , Hospitalization , Infant, Premature , Medical Records , Oxygen , ParturitionABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The main purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of non-nutritive sucking (NNS) on the oxygen saturation level and behavioral state of preterm infants during tube feeding. METHODS: This study was performed prospectively in the NICU, Chonbuk National University Hopspital from November, 2004 through April, 2005. Preterm infants of gestational age 28 to 37 weeks, who had neither major congenital defects interfering feeding nor respiratory difficulty needing ventilatory support, were included. A total of 64 subjects were divided randomly into the control group (n=32), and the non-nutritive sucking (NNS) group (n=32). The patients in each group were tested for changes in oxygen saturation and behavioral state at 3 different times; 2 minutes before, during, and 2 minutes after feeding. RESULTS: The oxygen saturation of the NNS group increased during feeding and gradually decreased after feeding while the control group decreased during feeding and increased slightly after feeding (P<0.001). During feeding, the "quiet awake" state was observed more frequently in the NNS group and the "crying" state was observed more frequently in the control group. During the post-feeding assessment, the "sleep" state was more frequent in the NNS group and the "crying" state was more frequent in the control group. CONCLUSION: The infants in the NNS group showed significantly higher oxygen saturation level and they were less fussy during tube feeding and slept better after feeding.
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Congenital Abnormalities , Enteral Nutrition , Gestational Age , Infant, Premature , Oxygen , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This study was to investigate the effects of non-nutritive sucking on physiological and behavioral state of pre-term infants during tube feeding. METHOD: This nonequivalent, non-synchronized experimental study included 50 pre-term infants. An attempt was made to match gestational age and birth weight of infants in each group. Infants in the experimental group were given a pacifier 2 minutes before, during, and for 2 minutes after tube feeding. Infants in the control group did not get a pacifier. Both groups were tested at three stages for changes in the physiologic state and behavioral state-2 minutes before, during, and 2 minutes after feeding. Date was analyzed with SPSS WIN 10.0 using an chi-square-test, t-test, and repeated measures ANOVA. RESULT: Heart rates and oxygen saturation levels of the two groups were significantly different(P=.001, P=.000). The behavioral states of the two groups were significantly different during and post feeding(P=.000, P=.000). CONCLUSION: This result suggests non-nutritive sucking by using a pacifier is an effective intervention for pre-term infants during tube feeding.